Using the Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder (ASKAP), an international astronomy team has discovered a radio remnant in a coalescing cluster of galaxies called SPT-CL2023-5535, according to research published on the preprint platform arXiv.
Radio wave remnants are diffuse, elongated radio sources originating from synchrotrons, which can improve our understanding of the cluster. Radio wave remnants usually appear at the periphery of the cluster in the form of single or double symmetric arcs, but the number of radio remnants associated with merging impacts is small.
These double relics can provide information about cluster mergers and their effects, so astronomers are particularly interested in this kind of material.
Spt-cl 2023-5535(CL2023), a massive coalescent cluster spotted by the Square Kilometer Pathfinder Array radio telescope in the western Australian desert, has a redshift of 0.23 and a diameter of 722,000 light-years, compared with the Milky Way's only 100,000 light-years across 39bet-kết quả bóng đá-kết quả xổ số miền bắc-kèo bóng đá -soi cầu bóng đá-đặt cược.
Previous studies had found a diffuse radio source in the cluster, but the lack of spatial resolution observed at the time, and the presence of bright radio sources in several nearby clusters, did not ensure that the radio waves were coming from CL2023, so the hypothesis was not confirmed.
Recently, a team of astronomers led by Heung-han Kim of Yonsei University in South Korea restarted the study of CL2023 by making deep and high-resolution observations of the radio continuum spectrum of CL2023 using the Square Kilometer Array Explorer, the Evolution Map of the Universe (EMU).
Analysis of the data, which was supplemented by more detailed observations of CL2023 by the U.S. Intercontinental Observatory's Blanco Telescope at Mount Tololo and NASA's Chandra X-ray Telescope, suggested that there was indeed a radio remnant inside the merged cluster.
In the merging cluster SPT-CL2023-5535, the ASKAP-Emupilot300 square degree measurement (800088 MHz) found a red shift in the cluster, they wrote.
The radio remnant in CL2023 stretches about 1.6 million light-years north and south from the cluster. It is located at the western edge of the corona and coincides with the gas in the cluster. The entire corona stretches from CL2023 and stretches in the east-west direction, reaching a size of 1.6 by 3.2 million light-years.
At the same time, astronomers measured the radio flux density of the relic TO at 1.4Ghz as 12.0mJy and the comprehensive spectral index as -0.76, thus calculating the radio flux density of the relic TO be about 16.2, which confirms that CL2023 is indeed a massive coalescent cluster.
If it's massive, how massive is it?
The cluster consists of three or so subclusters with a combined mass of at least 1040 trillion times the mass of the Sun, and the results show that CL2023 is, as predicted, a merged cluster. Two of its subclusters suffered a major collision between 200 and 300 million years ago.
The surviving remains suggest that the collision was in an east-west direction, the result of a collision in the East-central cluster.
Clusters can be said to be the largest in the universe by gravity constraint structure together, in the universe, there is material will be gravity, gravity will be attracted to each other, have the possibility of collision, collision and merger between clusters is quite common, when two clusters collide merged into a cluster, they not only can form bigger clusters, It also emit cosmic shock waves millions of light-years away.
A billion years ago, two galaxy clusters merged to create the Abell 3667 supercluster, which is about 730 million light years from Earth and created particle bursts when it merged, according to calculations by Professor Francesco de Gasperin of the University of Hamburg and INAF, The shock wave from the cluster merger reached 60 times the size of the Milky Way, or nearly 6 million light-years, making it one of the most energetic events in the universe since the Big Bang.
Then it sends out a wave of electrons, like a particle accelerator, at first traveling at the speed of light. Today, these particles are still traveling at 500 kilometers per second.
Galaxy clusters collide, and collisions between galaxies are even more common.
In about 3.75 billion years, our Milky Way galaxy will collide with the Andromeda galaxy, both of which are beautiful spiral galaxies, but instead of combining into a larger spiral galaxy, the two spiral galaxies will form an elliptical galaxy.
A collision between galaxies might be different from what we think it is. It's not like two stars colliding. It's more like two swarms of bees meeting and merging.
For example, the sun's closest neighbor is Proxima Centauri, but even the closest neighbor is 30 million times the diameter of the Sun, which is like two glass marbles 700 kilometers apart, even if you can squeeze a few more in between.
But in the process of blending the two galaxies may indeed have a tiny fraction of stars and planets were ejected, but most will gradually merge into a new system, the whole process from start to end completely about merger will after 7 billion years of time, about 4.5 billion years later, in the event of a merger will no longer have a clear sky of the Milky Way, to see is a mass of halo.
By then, the Earth will be uninhabitable and no one will ever witness such a spectacle.